Publication

The contrasting phylodynamics of human influenza B viruses.

Vijaykrishna D, Holmes EC, Joseph U, Fourment M, Su YC, Halpin R, Lee RT, Deng YM, Gunalan V, Lin X, Stockwell TB, Fedorova NB, Zhou B, Spirason N, Kühnert D, Bošková V, Stadler T, Costa AM, Dwyer DE, Huang QS, Jennings LC, Rawlinson W, Sullivan SG, Hurt AC, Maurer-Stroh S, Wentworth DE, Smith GJ, Barr IG
Elife. 2015 4: e05055

PMID: 25594904 · PMCID: PMC4383373 · DOI:10.7554/eLife.05055

A complex interplay of viral, host, and ecological factors shapes the spatio-temporal incidence and evolution of human influenza viruses. Although considerable attention has been paid to influenza A viruses, a lack of equivalent data means that an integrated evolutionary and epidemiological framework has until now not been available for influenza B viruses, despite their significant disease burden. Through the analysis of over 900 full genomes from an epidemiological collection of more than 26,000 strains from Australia and New Zealand, we reveal fundamental differences in the phylodynamics of the two co-circulating lineages of influenza B virus (Victoria and Yamagata), showing that their individual dynamics are determined by a complex relationship between virus transmission, age of infection, and receptor binding preference. In sum, this work identifies new factors that are important determinants of influenza B evolution and epidemiology.

MeSH Terms (22)

Age Distribution Animals Antigens, Viral Asparagine Dogs Evolution, Molecular Genetic Variation Genome, Viral Glycosylation Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus Humans Influenza, Human Influenza A virus Influenza B virus Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells Models, Molecular New Zealand Phylogeny Reassortant Viruses Selection, Genetic Time Factors Victoria

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