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ML297 (VU0456810), the first potent and selective activator of the GIRK potassium channel, displays antiepileptic properties in mice.

Kaufmann K, Romaine I, Days E, Pascual C, Malik A, Yang L, Zou B, Du Y, Sliwoski G, Morrison RD, Denton J, Niswender CM, Daniels JS, Sulikowski GA, Xie XS, Lindsley CW, Weaver CD
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2013 4 (9): 1278-86

PMID: 23730969 · PMCID: PMC3778424 · DOI:10.1021/cn400062a

The G-protein activated, inward-rectifying potassium (K(+)) channels, "GIRKs", are a family of ion channels (Kir3.1-Kir3.4) that has been the focus of intense research interest for nearly two decades. GIRKs are comprised of various homo- and heterotetrameric combinations of four different subunits. These subunits are expressed in different combinations in a variety of regions throughout the central nervous system and in the periphery. The body of GIRK research implicates GIRK in processes as diverse as controlling heart rhythm, to effects on reward/addiction, to modulation of response to analgesics. Despite years of GIRK research, very few tools exist to selectively modulate GIRK channels' activity and until now no tools existed that potently and selectively activated GIRKs. Here we report the development and characterization of the first truly potent, effective, and selective GIRK activator, ML297 (VU0456810). We further demonstrate that ML297 is active in two in vivo models of epilepsy, a disease where up to 40% of patients remain with symptoms refractory to present treatments. The development of ML297 represents a truly significant advancement in our ability to selectively probe GIRK's role in physiology as well as providing the first tool for beginning to understand GIRK's potential as a target for a diversity of therapeutic indications.

MeSH Terms (23)

Animals Anticonvulsants Calcium Signaling Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Electroshock G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels HEK293 Cells High-Throughput Screening Assays Humans Injections, Intraperitoneal Mice Microsomes, Liver Molecular Structure Patch-Clamp Techniques Pentylenetetrazole Phenylurea Compounds Pyrazoles Rats Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate Recombinant Proteins Seizures Valproic Acid

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