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Functional characterization of chimpanzee cytomegalovirus chemokine, vCXCL-1(CCMV).

Miller-Kittrell M, Sai J, Penfold M, Richmond A, Sparer TE
Virology. 2007 364 (2): 454-65

PMID: 17433398 · PMCID: PMC2665277 · DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2007.03.002

Human cytomegaloviruses (HCMVs) are important pathogens in immunocompromised patients and newborns. The viral chemokine, vCXCL-1, of the Toledo (Tol) strain of HCMV has been implicated in HCMV virulence. Chimpanzee CMV (CCMV) has several genes with similarity to the vCXCL-1(Tol) gene, UL146. In order to test whether the CCMV viral chemokine, vCXCL-1(CCMV), is similar to vCXCL-1(Tol), we characterized its function in vitro. Receptor binding, activation, chemotaxis, signaling, and apoptosis in neutrophils were compared between vCXCL-1(Tol) and vCXCL-1(CCMV) and host chemokines. Although the homologues had similar activation potentials, chemotactic properties, and signaling, vCXCL-1(CCMV) had a approximately 70-fold lower affinity for CXCR2 and displayed differences in integrin upregulation and neutrophil apoptosis. These data demonstrate that in spite of extensive amino acid variability in vCXCL-1, CCMV may provide a model for assessing the role of vCXCL-1 in CMV pathogenesis in vivo.

MeSH Terms (20)

Amino Acid Sequence Animals Apoptosis Baculoviridae Calcium Signaling CD11b Antigen CD11c Antigen Chemokines, CXC Conserved Sequence Cytomegalovirus Humans In Vitro Techniques Molecular Sequence Data Neutrophils Pan troglodytes Protein Sorting Signals Receptors, Interleukin-8B Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Viral Proteins Virulence

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